SAP (Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate)

INCI: Sodium Ascorbyl Phosphate. SAP is a highly stable, water-soluble phosphate ester of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), used in skincare as an antioxidant and in formulations targeting the evenness of skin tone. It is a non-irritating alternative to L-ascorbic acid, converting to ascorbic acid on contact with the skin.

Key Details About SAP:

Synonyms/Related Forms: Vitamin C derivative, Ascorbic acid salt.

Function: an antioxidant that neutralises free radicals; used in formulations targeting the appearance of fine lines, the appearance of dark marks and overall radiance.

Usage/Formulation: added to the water phase of serums, lotions and creams, commonly at 0.2-3%, and remains stable at a higher, less acidic pH (around 6-7) than L-ascorbic acid.